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Evaluation of antibacterial efficiency of Trapa natans modified glass ionomer cement: An in vitro study
Ayesha Imtiaz1, Shaukat Khalid2, Zubair Anwar3
1Department of Dental Material, Baqai Medical University, Pakistan.
Objective:
To evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of incorporating Trapa natans (water chestnut) powder at 0%, 1%, 2%, and 5% (w/w) into glass ionomer cements (GICs), GC Gold Label 2 and Shofu GIC.
Methods:
An in vitro agar disc diffusion assay was conducted to assess antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus spp., and Escherichia coli. Zones of inhibition (mm ± standard deviation) were measured after 24 and 48 hours. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc Tukey tests.
Results:
The highest antibacterial activity for GC Gold Label 2 at 24 hours was observed at 2% concentration (2.20 ± 0.10 mm), followed by 5% (2.16 ± 0.10 mm), control (2.13 ± 0.10 mm), and 1% (2.10 ± 0.10 mm). Shofu GIC showed greater activity at 2% (2.43 ± 0.10 mm), followed by 5% (2.32 ± 0.10 mm), 1% (2.30 ± 0.10 mm), and control (2.20 ± 0.10 mm). Antibacterial effects increased further at 48 hours. Statistically significant differences were observed for 2% and 5% concentrations compared with control in both GIC brands (p < 0.05).
Conclusions:
Incorporation of Trapa natans powder significantly improved the antibacterial properties of conventional GICs in a concentration- and time-dependent manner, indicating its potential as a natural additive to enhance the bioactivity of restorative dental materials.
