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Identification of Disease-related Spatial Covariance Patterns using Neuroimaging Data
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Frontotemporal dementia: does structural MRI-based clustering match clinical syndromes?

Neha Singh-Reilly1, Irene Sintini1, Farwa Ali2

  • 1Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|May 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) heterogeneity was analyzed using MRI data. Three distinct clusters emerged, reflecting frontal, temporal, and midbrain/subcortical atrophy patterns in FTD patients.

Keywords:
MRIatrophyclinical syndromesdata-driven clustering analysisfrontotemporal dementia

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Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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Published on: July 28, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Neurology
  • Data Science

Background:

  • Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a group of disorders affecting behavior, language, and motor skills.
  • FTD syndromes often share clinical and imaging features, necessitating unbiased analysis.
  • Investigating FTD syndromic heterogeneity is crucial for accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the underlying syndromic heterogeneity of frontotemporal dementia (FTD).
  • To apply data-driven clustering analysis to structural MRI data for FTD classification.
  • To identify distinct patterns of brain atrophy associated with different FTD clinical presentations.

Main Methods:

  • Structural MRI data from 400 FTD patients were analyzed using data-driven clustering.
  • Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed on w-scored MRI data.
  • Hierarchical clustering algorithms were employed to group patients based on imaging patterns.

Main Results:

  • A three-cluster solution provided the most clinically meaningful separation of FTD syndromes.
  • Cluster 1 showed frontal atrophy linked to speech, language, and behavioral deficits.
  • Cluster 2 revealed temporal atrophy, primarily in semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and right temporal variant FTD (rtvFTD).
  • Cluster 3 identified midbrain and subcortical atrophy, encompassing progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS).

Conclusions:

  • FTD heterogeneity is characterized by three main axes: frontal, temporal, and midbrain/subcortical atrophy.
  • These axes correspond to distinct patterns of speech, language, behavioral, and motor deficits.
  • The findings underscore the importance of data-driven approaches in understanding complex neurodegenerative disorders like FTD.