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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction01:23

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease I: Introduction

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a common, preventable, and treatable respiratory disorder characterized by persistent symptoms and progressive airflow limitation. This limitation results from a combination of small-airway disease (obstructive bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), both driven by chronic inflammation from exposure to harmful particles or gases.The disease includes two main pathological entities: emphysema, marked by destruction of alveolar walls and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...

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A Preliminary Study on Warm Acupuncture and Moxibustion for Treating Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease with Abdominal Distension
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Temperature Variability and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: The China Pulmonary Health Study.

Hailu Zhu1, Jisong Yan2,3, Yicong Wang1

  • 1School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.

Environment & Health (Washington, D.C.)
|May 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Long-term temperature variability (TV) increases chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) risk and impairs lung function. These effects may be partly mediated by mental health and blood biomarkers, highlighting the need for climate-adaptive public health strategies.

Keywords:
COPDclimate changelung functionmediation effectstemperature variability

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Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pulmonology
  • Climate Change Research

Background:

  • Ambient temperature's health effects are known, but temperature variability (TV), a key climate change aspect, is understudied.
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major respiratory illness with complex risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between long-term TV and COPD risk and lung function.
  • To explore potential mediating roles of mental health and blood biomarkers in the TV-COPD relationship.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the China Pulmonary Health Study (N=50,991) to identify COPD cases.
  • Defined long-term TV as the standard deviation of daily temperature extremes over the preceding year.
  • Employed logistic regression, multivariable linear models, and mediation analyses.

Main Results:

  • Each 1°C increase in TV was linked to a 10% higher COPD risk (OR: 1.10).
  • TV significantly reduced pre- and post-bronchodilator lung function, especially small-airway measures (FEF25-75).
  • Mental health and blood biomarkers partially mediated 1.56-9.55% of TV's effect on COPD.

Conclusions:

  • Long-term temperature variability is an independent risk factor for COPD and reduced lung function.
  • Psychosocial and inflammatory pathways may partially mediate the impact of TV on respiratory health.
  • Public health strategies should consider TV for respiratory health protection in a changing climate.