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Related Concept Videos

Electrocardiogram01:29

Electrocardiogram

An electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG) is a critical diagnostic tool that records the electrical signals produced by the heart during each heartbeat. This recording is achieved through electrodes placed strategically on the arms, legs, and chest. The electrocardiograph amplifies these signals and produces 12 distinct tracings, offering a comprehensive understanding of the heart's electrical activity.
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
ECG Interpretation of Rhythms01:24

ECG Interpretation of Rhythms

An electrocardiogram (ECG)graphically represents the heart's electrical activity on ECG paper or a monitor.
Components of the Electrocardiogram
The primary components of a normal ECG waveform in Normal sinus rhythm(NSR) include the P wave, PR interval, QRS complex, ST segment, T wave, and occasionally a U wave.
ECG waveforms are divided by vertical and horizontal lines at standard intervals.
The horizontal axis measures time and rate, and the vertical axis measures amplitude or voltage. When...
Electrocardiogram Fundamentals01:28

Electrocardiogram Fundamentals

Introduction
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias01:16

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias I: Sinus Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that lead to abnormal heartbeats. These irregularities can originate from different parts of the heart and are classified based on their origin and nature.
Types of Arrhythmias
Sinus Node Arrhythmias
Sinus Bradycardia: Originating from the sinoatrial (SA) node, sinus bradycardia involves slower impulses, resulting in a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute (bpm). Causes include sleep, vagal stimulation, beta-blockers, hypothyroidism, and...

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A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
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A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis

Published on: December 28, 2012

Dynamic J-Wave Pattern on ECG.

Sofia Bezati1, Effie Polyzogopoulou1, Aristeidis Tsakanikas2

  • 1University Department of Emergency Medicine, Attikon University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

JACC. Case Reports
|May 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This case report details an 83-year-old man with altered consciousness and hypothermia, highlighting the J-wave pattern on electrocardiogram. We explore its pathophysiology, progression, and differential diagnosis.

Keywords:
atrial fibrillationbradycardiaelectrocardiogram

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Clinical Electrophysiology

Background:

  • The J-wave pattern on electrocardiogram (ECG) is a distinct finding associated with various clinical conditions.
  • Hypothermia and altered consciousness can present diagnostic challenges in the emergency department.
  • Understanding ECG abnormalities is crucial for timely and accurate patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a case of hypothermia and altered consciousness associated with a J-wave pattern.
  • To elucidate the pathophysiologic basis of the J-wave pattern.
  • To discuss the differential diagnosis of the J-wave pattern in this clinical context.

Main Methods:

  • Case report of an 83-year-old male patient.
  • Review of electrocardiogram findings, specifically the J-wave pattern.
  • Analysis of the patient's clinical presentation including altered consciousness and hypothermia.
  • Literature review on J-wave pathophysiology and differential diagnoses.

Main Results:

  • The patient presented with hypothermia and altered consciousness.
  • Electrocardiogram revealed a prominent J-wave pattern.
  • The J-wave pattern's association with hypothermia was observed.
  • Differential diagnoses for the observed ECG findings were considered.

Conclusions:

  • The J-wave pattern can be associated with hypothermia and altered consciousness.
  • Recognition of the J-wave pattern is important for identifying underlying conditions.
  • Further investigation into the pathophysiologic mechanisms of J-waves in hypothermia is warranted.