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A dual-organ genetic interplay between sensorineural hearing loss and kidney disease: an update for clinicians

Jayakumar Swetha1, Mani Nirmala Meenu2, Irisappan Ganesh2

  • 1Department of Biochemistry, Aarupadai Veedu Medical College & Hospital, Vinayaka Mission's Research Foundation (DU), Puducherry, India.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|May 21, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Hearing loss and chronic kidney disease share common genetic and developmental pathways, affecting both the ear and kidney. Understanding the ear-kidney axis is crucial for diagnosing and treating these prevalent oto-renal disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Oto-renal medicine
  • Nephrology
  • Audiology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Hearing loss (HL) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are globally prevalent conditions.
  • Oto-renal disorders link syndromic HL and kidney dysfunction via shared molecular pathways.
  • Common genetic factors, developmental pathways, and physiological mechanisms impact auditory and kidney systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Consolidate common morphogenic origins of kidney and cochlea.
  • Focus on shared genes, networks, and oto-renal disorders affecting cilia, collagen, and transport channels.
  • Highlight mechanisms and pathophysiology of congenital HL and kidney diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on oto-renal disorders.
  • Analysis of shared genetic factors and developmental pathways.
  • Examination of physiological mechanisms impacting auditory and kidney systems.

Main Results:

  • Identified shared molecular signaling pathways in oto-renal disorders.
  • Highlighted the role of cilia, collagen networks, and transport channels in both systems.
  • Recognized hemodialysis and certain drugs as risk factors for HL in CKD patients.

Conclusions:

  • An interdisciplinary approach is vital for screening, diagnosis, and treatment of oto-renal disorders.
  • Future research on the ear-kidney axis is needed for molecular understanding and clinical management.
  • Clinicians can use this review for differential diagnosis of oto-renal conditions.

Keywords:
Alport syndromeBartter syndromeChronic kidney disease (CKD)Oto-renal disordersSyndromic hearing loss (SHL)

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