Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 23, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
Bicultural Identity Integration (BII) trajectories of German ethnically minoritized adolescents
Paula Duwe1, Lara Aumann1, Peter F Titzmann1
1Department of Psychology, Leibniz University Hannover, Hanover, Lower Saxony, Germany.
Abstract:
This study examined Bicultural Identity Integration (BII) trajectories among 226 ethnically minoritized German adolescents (Mage = 12.9, 51.1% female, diverse national backgrounds, 27.1% first- and 72.9% second-generation immigrants) across two years (2019-2021). Latent Class Growth Analysis identified five distinct trajectories, each characterized by unique combinations of the four BII dimensions: Harmony, Conflict, Blendedness, and Compartmentalization. Findings reveal greater variability in BII trajectories during adolescence than previously recognized and underscore the importance of person-centered approaches and the utility of four-factor BII measures to capture the integration of adolescents' cultural identities. Moreover, demographic and acculturative indicators significantly predicted BII trajectory membership (p < .001, R2 = .26). Notably, trajectories reflecting more resolved BII were associated with higher psychological adaptation. Results are interpreted within Germany's sociocultural and historical context.
Related Concept Videos
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
Influence of Parents and Peers on Identity
Parental Influence on Identity Development
Parents serve as primary guides and managers in an adolescent's life, offering support instrumental in decision-making and personal growth. This guiding role...
Marcia's Theory of Identity Status
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence
Emerging Adulthood
Role-Based Identity

