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Development of a fall risk assessment tool for older adults requiring home care
Ryosuke Kita1, Takuya Aoki2, Yusuke Terao2
1Rehabilitation Progress Center Incorporated, Itabashi Rehabili Home-Visit Nursing Station, 2-11, Hikawa-cho Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0013, Japan; Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 3-29-1 Otsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 112-0012, Japan.
Objectives:
We aimed to develop a multidimensional assessment tool for intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to falls in older adults requiring home care.
Methods:
The Delphi method identified fall risk factors in older adults requiring home care. Reliability was tested in 36 participants with intra- and inter-rater assessments. Validity was examined in 164 participants by assessing risk factors and falls over a year.
Results:
A total of 22 fall risk factors were identified using the Delphi method, and 14 of these having kappa coefficients of ≥0.61 for both intra- and inter-rater reliability. Validation studies showed that the higher the total score of fall risk factors, the higher the incidence of falls, and this relationship was maintained in a confounding-adjusted model (hazard ratio: 1.27, 95% confidence interval: 1.11-1.43, P < 0.001).
Conclusion:
The fall risk assessment tool used in this study comprised multiple items and was associated with falls.
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