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Related Concept Videos

Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
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Cystic Fibrosis: Pathogenesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive disorder, significantly affects the function of exocrine glands. This genetically inherited disease is characterized by the production of thick and sticky mucus, which can severely affect various organs and systems in the body.
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Infertility in Females

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Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
Disorders of the Female Reproductive System01:24

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

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Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...

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Updated: May 23, 2026

Generation of Human Nasal Epithelial Cell Spheroids for Individualized Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Study
08:00

Generation of Human Nasal Epithelial Cell Spheroids for Individualized Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Study

Published on: April 11, 2018

Reproductive Considerations in Females With Cystic Fibrosis.

Marissa S Weiss1, Jennifer M Chin2, Sheila K Mody3

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Endocrine Practice : Official Journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
|May 21, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Female reproductive health in cystic fibrosis (CF) is significantly impacted by the CFTR gene. CFTR modulator therapies have doubled pregnancy rates, but careful monitoring and family planning are crucial for women with CF.

Keywords:
contraceptionearly pregnancyinfertility

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Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst
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Microscopic Cyst Resection for the Treatment of Patients Diagnosed with Epididymal Cyst

Published on: March 31, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Genetics
  • Pulmonology

Background:

  • Female reproductive health in cystic fibrosis (CF) is complex, influenced by anatomical, hormonal, and functional factors.
  • Infertility affects ~37% of women with CF (FwCF), more than double the general population rate.
  • CFTR gene expression in the female reproductive tract may cause reduced fertility via cervical mucus, ovulation, and uterine pH alterations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and contraceptive safety in FwCF.
  • To provide CF care teams with synthesized information for patient-centered family planning.
  • To highlight the impact of CFTR modulator therapy on fertility in FwCF.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review synthesizing current evidence on female reproductive health in CF.
  • Analysis of fertility, pregnancy outcomes, and ART success rates in FwCF.
  • Evaluation of risks and considerations for pregnancy and contraception in FwCF.

Main Results:

  • CFTR modulator therapy (e.g., Trikafta) has more than doubled pregnancy rates in FwCF.
  • Assisted reproductive technology (ART) shows similar success rates for FwCF compared to controls.
  • Pregnancy in FwCF carries risks like preterm delivery and low birth weight, especially with FEV1 <50%.

Conclusions:

  • CFTR modulator therapy has transformed fertility outcomes for FwCF.
  • Careful pregnancy monitoring and tailored contraceptive counseling are essential for FwCF.
  • Patient-centered family planning requires addressing drug interactions, thromboembolism risk, and medication burden.