From dispersion to bundles: Structurally tunable soy protein amyloid fibrils networks reshape starch multiscale
Jiaqi Song1, Chunmin Ma1, Yue Xu1
1College of Food Engineering, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China.
Abstract:
The work controlled the network structure of soy isolate protein amyloid fibrils (SAFs) by varying the heating time (0-24 h) and examined their effects on the digestibility of rice starch (RS). The SAFs network disrupted both the short-range ordered structure and the long-range crystalline order of starch through competitive hydration and steric hindrance and progressively enveloped starch granules. This physical barrier governed the composite system's thermodynamic and rheological behavior, producing a marked increase in gelatinization temperature, a decrease in gelatinization enthalpy, and solid-like, high modulus behavior under low shear. Importantly, the barrier effect shifted rapidly digestible starch (RDS) into slowly digestible starch (SDS) while leaving resistant starch content unchanged. Pearson correlation analysis confirmed a strong negative correlation between crystallization temperature (Tc) and RDS (r = -0.991) and a strong positive correlation between Tc and SDS (r = 0.992), clarifying the physical mechanism by which the SAFs network controls digestion via mass transfer and diffusion limitations. This work established a new paradigm for creating edible physical barriers by programming protein supramolecular assembly, providing an innovative theoretical basis for the rational design and regulation of starch digestibility.
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