Physical activity and Brugada ECG pattern during 12-lead Holter monitoring
Elisabetta Toso1, Filippo Tarditi2, Emanuele Koumantakis3
1Unit of Advanced Cardiovascular Echocardiography, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Città della Salute e della Scienza, University Hospital of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Background:
Brugada Syndrome (BrS) is a hereditary channelopathy with a dynamic ECG pattern, often latent at rest. While several triggers can unmask the type 1 pattern, the influence of physical activity (PA) remains uncertain. This study investigated whether PA is associated with spontaneous type 1 ECG, its unmasking in induced cases, and the occurrence of arrhythmic events in Brugada athletes.
Methods:
We enrolled 202 BrS patients (18-55 years), collecting demographic data, PA levels, resting ECG, and 12-lead Holter. Subjects exercising ≥4 hours/week were defined as "recreational athletes" per ESC guidelines. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U, Chi-squared Tests, and logistic regression (adjusted for age/sex) to explore the relationship between PA and Brugada ECG patterns.
Results:
Of 202 patients (155 males, median age 35.5), 48 were athletes. Athletes showed lower median heart rate at first Holter (71 vs. 75 bpm). No significant difference was found in Brugada pattern expression between groups. PA was not significantly associated with the presence of type 1 ECG (OR: 2.51, P=0.140). No arrhythmic events occurred during exercise or follow-up.
Conclusions:
PA does not increase Brugada ECG expression in spontaneous or induced cases. No arrhythmic events were reported in athletes during sport or follow-up.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:23Holter Monitor: 24-Hour Monitoring
01:29Electrocardiogram
Three major waveforms are present in a typical ECG recording: the P wave, the QRS complex, and the T...
01:30Pulse rhythm
Conversely, an irregular pulse pattern is termed dysrhythmia, stemming from disruptions in cardiac muscle...
01:30Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias
01:26Exercise Stress Test
Exercise stress testing, commonly known as a treadmill test, is a noninvasive procedure used to evaluate cardiovascular function and diagnose heart conditions.
Definition
An exercise stress test measures the heart's response to exertion using a treadmill or stationary bicycle. Chest electrodes record the heart's electrical activity through an ECG, and blood pressure is monitored regularly.
Purposes
01:28Electrocardiogram Fundamentals
An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a diagnostic tool for identifying cardiac conditions such as arrhythmias, conduction abnormalities, and myocardial ischemia.
Definition
An electrocardiogram (ECG) visualizes the heart's electrical activity by tracing the electrical movement associated with each heartbeat on a graph or monitor. As the heart beats, an electrical wave passes through it, correlating with the cardiac cycle events.
Parts of an ECG
An ECG utilizes electrodes on the skin to...