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Related Concept Videos

Membrane Fluidity01:26

Membrane Fluidity

Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is a relatively...
Membrane Fluidity01:23

Membrane Fluidity

Cell membranes are composed of phospholipids, proteins, and carbohydrates loosely attached to one another through chemical interactions. Molecules are generally able to move about in the plane of the membrane, giving the membrane its flexible nature called fluidity. Two other features of the membrane contribute to membrane fluidity: the chemical structure of the phospholipids and the presence of cholesterol in the membrane.
Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model01:09

Theories of Dissolution: The Danckwerts' Model and Interfacial Barrier Model

Various dissolution theories provide insight into the factors that influence the dissolution rate. Danckwerts' Model suggests that turbulence, rather than a stagnant layer, characterizes the dissolution medium at the solid-liquid interface. In this model, the agitated solvent contains macroscopic packets that move to the interface via eddy currents, facilitating the absorption and delivery of the drug to the bulk solution. The regular replenishment of solvent packets maintains the concentration...
Protein Diffusion in the Membrane01:24

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...
Fluid Mosaic Model01:19

Fluid Mosaic Model

Scientists identified the plasma membrane in the 1890s and its principal chemical components (lipids and proteins) by 1915. The model for plasma membrane structure, proposed in 1935 by Hugh Davson and James Danielli, was the first model to be widely accepted in the scientific community. The model was based on the plasma membrane's "railroad track" appearance in early electron micrographs. Davson and Danielli theorized that the plasma membrane's structure resembled a sandwich with the analogy of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 23, 2026

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
10:11

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer

Published on: April 19, 2021

Dynamic permeability in metastable droplet interfacial bilayers.

Nivedina A Sarma1,2, David A King1,2, Xuefei Wu2

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA. aomar@berkeley.edu.

Soft Matter
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We developed a theory linking membrane pore size and transport dynamics. This framework helps understand pore growth mechanisms and membrane properties using droplet interfacial bilayers.

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Last Updated: May 23, 2026

Temperature-Controlled Assembly and Characterization of a Droplet Interface Bilayer
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Fluorescence Recovery after Merging a Droplet to Measure the Two-dimensional Diffusion of a Phospholipid Monolayer
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Multifunctional, Micropipette-based Method for Incorporation And Stimulation of Bacterial Mechanosensitive Ion Channels in Droplet Interface Bilayers
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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Membrane pores are crucial for cell functions like fusion and signaling.
  • Directly probing these dynamic pore structures is challenging.
  • Droplet interfacial bilayers provide a synthetic model system.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a theoretical framework connecting membrane pore size-selective transport with transient membrane properties.
  • To elucidate the relationship between pore growth mechanisms and transport dynamics.
  • To enable deduction of membrane characteristics from transport data.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a theory quantifying dynamic permeability based on pore growth mechanisms.
  • Analyzed pore growth dynamics, focusing on Ostwald ripening and comparing it to coalescence and surfactant desorption.
  • Derived scaling relations between particle size, pore growth rate, and transport time.

Main Results:

  • The theory links dynamic permeability to pore size distribution governed by growth mechanisms.
  • Ostwald ripening dynamics were analyzed, providing insights into pore evolution.
  • Identified scaling laws that allow determination of pore growth mechanisms and membrane properties.

Conclusions:

  • The developed theory provides a quantitative link between transport and membrane structure.
  • Droplet interfacial bilayers are suitable for experimentally validating these theoretical predictions.
  • The findings offer a method to probe membrane properties and pore dynamics.