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Single-molecule glycan discrimination using a graphite nanopore.

Chandan K Das1,2, Maria Fyta1,2

  • 1Computational Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worrignerweg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany. c.das@biotec.rwth-aachen.de.

Nanoscale
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

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Accurate single-molecule glycan detection is achieved using a negatively charged graphite nanopore. This method distinguishes glycans by their unique charge patterns, offering a label-free analytical approach.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Nanotechnology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Glycans are crucial biomolecules with complex structures that dictate their biological functions.
  • Analyzing and distinguishing between different glycan structures presents a significant analytical challenge.
  • Current methods for glycan analysis often require labeling and can be complex.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of a negatively charged graphite nanopore for single-molecule glycan detection.
  • To determine if this nanopore system can accurately discriminate between glycans with subtle structural variations.
  • To elucidate the mechanism underlying glycan detection within the nanopore.

Main Methods:

  • All-atom molecular dynamics simulations were employed to model glycan behavior in a nanopore.

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  • A negatively charged graphite nanopore was designed and simulated.
  • Ionic current signatures and electroosmotic flow were analyzed during glycan translocation.

    • Main Results:

    • The negatively charged graphite nanopore enabled accurate single-molecule glycan detection.
    • Glycans differing in N-acetylation number, pattern, and regioisomeric structure were reliably discriminated.
    • Distinct ionic current signatures correlated with species-specific charge accumulation around glycans.
    • Electroosmotic flow within the nanopore facilitated label-free glycan translocation and detection.

    Conclusions:

    • Negatively charged graphite nanopores provide a powerful platform for sensitive and accurate glycan analysis.
    • The method offers a label-free approach, simplifying glycan detection and characterization.
    • Understanding charge accumulation mechanisms enhances the development of nanopore-based analytical tools.