Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 23, 2026

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
Published on: February 19, 2021
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Safety in Patients With Conditional Mixed-Manufacturer Devices
Ryka M Tashakkor1, Kian Zamanian1, Nathan Scott2
1Southern California Heart Specialist, Arcadia, California, USA.
Background:
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a critical diagnostic tool known for its non-invasive nature and high-resolution imaging capabilities. However, its safety in patients with cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs), particularly those with mixed-lead systems, remains a significant clinical concern. This report investigates the safety and efficacy of MRI in such patients, where generators and leads originate from different manufacturers and are not officially deemed MRI-conditional.
Methods:
A retrospective, non-randomized single center study was conducted involving 16 patients with mixed company lead CIEDs that obtained 23 MRIs. All patients underwent clinically indicated 1.5 Tesla MRI scans between July 2021 and August 2025.
Results:
Pre- and post-scan measurements included lead impedance, sensing thresholds, and battery voltage, along with monitoring for clinical complications such as arrhythmias, syncope, or cardiac arrest. No adverse effects or device malfunctions were observed, and all key parameters remained stable post-scan.
Conclusion:
This study shows the safe use of MRIs for patients with mixed-lead CIEDs.
Related Concept Videos
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Imaging Studies for Cardiovascular System IV: CMRI
Imaging Studies I: CT and MRI
Description of the Procedures
Computed Tomography (CT) scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans use X-ray technology to generate detailed images of bones, organs, and tissues. During the scan, the patient lies on a moving table...
Imaging Studies IV: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
