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Related Concept Videos

Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:29

Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Diagnosing and managing appendicitis requires a structured and comprehensive approach that spans from initial assessment to postoperative care. Here is an overview of the process:
Diagnosing Appendicitis
It requires a multifaceted approach, starting with a detailed physical examination to pinpoint the location and nature of the pain and identify any associated symptoms. Laboratory tests play a crucial role. A complete Blood Count (CBC) typically reveals leukocytosis (an increased number of...
Hand hygiene01:23

Hand hygiene

Asepsis is the practice of preventing or breaking the chain of infection. The nurse employs aseptic techniques to prevent the spread of microorganisms and reduce the risk of diseases. Hand hygiene is the cornerstone of aseptic techniques and is classified into medical and surgical asepsis. Medical asepsis includes hand hygiene and the use of gloves. Surgical asepsis, or the sterile technique, refers to practices that render and keep objects and areas free of microorganisms.
Hand washing...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Indocyanine Green-Guided Intraoperative Imaging to Facilitate Video-Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement for Treating Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis
04:01

Indocyanine Green-Guided Intraoperative Imaging to Facilitate Video-Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement for Treating Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis

Published on: September 8, 2022

Intra-abdominal 0.05% Chlorhexidine Gluconate Lavage in Perforated Appendicitis.

Andrew Mudreac1, Gabrielle Kozlowski2, Rohali Keesari3

  • 1Division of General, Thoracic and Fetal Surgery, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian / Weill Cornell, New York, New York.

The Journal of Surgical Research
|May 22, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Intraoperative lavage with 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) solution during pediatric laparoscopic appendectomies for perforated appendicitis did not significantly reduce surgical site infections (SSIs). Further prospective studies are needed to confirm its efficacy in lowering infectious complications.

Keywords:
AppendicitisChlorhexidine gluconateSurgical site infections

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Indocyanine Green-Guided Intraoperative Imaging to Facilitate Video-Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement for Treating Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis
04:01

Indocyanine Green-Guided Intraoperative Imaging to Facilitate Video-Assisted Retroperitoneal Debridement for Treating Acute Necrotizing Pancreatitis

Published on: September 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Management

Background:

  • 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) solution in sterile water was introduced for intraoperative lavage during pediatric laparoscopic appendectomies in August 2021.
  • The study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of this CHG lavage in preventing SSIs following appendectomy for perforated appendicitis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if intraoperative lavage with 0.05% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) solution prevents surgical site infections (SSIs) in pediatric patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis.
  • To compare postoperative outcomes between patients who received CHG lavage and those who did not.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of electronic medical records for patients under 18 years old who underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for perforated appendicitis (January 2018 - February 2025).
  • Comparison of demographics, preoperative labs, and postoperative complications (deep/organ-space SSI, readmission, return to OR, ED revisits) between CHG lavage and control groups.
  • Statistical analysis using Firth logistic regression and inverse probability of treatment weighting for outcome comparison.

Main Results:

  • Out of 858 cases, 197 (23.0%) received 0.05% CHG lavage. The postoperative drainage rate was 5.1% with CHG vs. 8.5% without.
  • Intraoperative CHG lavage did not significantly impact the rate of deep/organ-space SSI requiring drainage (aOR: 0.58), inpatient readmission (OR: 1.40), return to OR (OR: 1.14), or ED revisit (OR: 1.19).
  • Sensitivity analysis confirmed primary findings. The overall rate of deep/organ-space SSI requiring drainage was 5%.

Conclusions:

  • While 0.05% CHG lavage was associated with a low rate of deep/organ-space SSI requiring drainage (5%), it did not significantly alter other postoperative outcomes in pediatric laparoscopic appendectomies for perforated appendicitis.
  • The study did not find a significant benefit of CHG lavage in reducing SSIs or other complications.
  • Further prospective research is warranted to definitively assess the impact of 0.05% CHG lavage on infectious complications.