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Structure-digestibility modulation of wheat starch in moisture-controlled heat-treated flour and its functional
Shuang Li1, Yan Cheng2, Shuiping Su2
1School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, Hunan Province, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Aquatic Food Resources Processing, Changsha, 410114, Hunan Province, China.
Abstract:
This study elucidates the structure-digestibility relationship of wheat starch subjected to moisture-controlled heat treatment (HMT) and explores its application in enhancing the quality of steamed sponge cake. Treatment at varying moisture levels (20-30%) induced significant structural reorganization in the starch granules. Specifically, the 30% moisture treatment elevated the resistant starch (RS) content from 23.75% to 44.42% (P < 0.05) and shifted the pasting temperature from 55.82 °C to 78.35 °C. These functional changes were driven by enhanced crystalline perfection and short-range molecular order, alongside intensified starch-protein interactions, which restricted enzymatic accessibility. In the food matrix, the application of HMT flour significantly retarded moisture migration and staling rates in steamed sponge cakes under storage. Consequently, moisture-controlled HMT serves as a robust clean-label strategy to tailor the supramolecular structure of wheat starch, yielding functional ingredients with reduced glycemic impact and superior shelf-life stability.
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