Efficient and Reusable nZVI@D201 Catalytic Ozonation: Organophosphorus Removal and Phosphorus Recovery From...

Organophosphorus (OP), a persistent and refractory pollutant, is resistant to conventional degradation methods and poses substantial risks to ecological systems and human health. In this study, fosfomycin (FOM) was selected as a model OP compound, and a heterogeneous catalytic ozonation system, ozone combined with nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on D201 resin (nZVI@D201/O₃), was constructed for its degradation. The results indicated that nZVI@D201 achieved excellent performance in degrading OP and recovering inorganic phosphorus (IP). Radical quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis confirmed the radical oxidation pathway and the dominant role of ·OH. The outstanding Fe²⁺/Fe³⁺ electron cycling capacity and abundant surface oxygen-containing functional groups in nZVI@D201 contributed to effective ozone activation, thereby promoting OP degradation. During FOM degradation, surface hydroxyl groups served as pivotal active sites, primarily targeting epoxy and phosphate moieties with concomitant phosphate release. Attacked by reactive oxygen species (ROS), FOM underwent oxidation to form small-molecule compounds. In summary, the nZVI@D201/O₃ system provides a green and efficient strategy for OP removal and phosphorus recovery.