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Role of PANoptosis in intestinal diseases and its therapeutic implications

Can Yu1, Yihang Huang2, Bohao Han1

  • 1Center for Drug Research and Development, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.

Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany)
|May 22, 2026
PubMed

Insights

PANoptosis, a programmed inflammatory cell death pathway, plays a key role in various intestinal diseases. Targeting this pathway offers therapeutic potential for restoring gut health and managing inflammatory conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • PANoptosis is a newly identified programmed inflammatory cell death pathway.
  • It unifies pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis through the PANoptosome complex.
  • Key regulators like ZBP1, RIPK3, caspase-8, and ASC tightly control PANoptosis, inducing inflammatory cell death.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging evidence on PANoptosis in intestinal diseases.
  • To summarize recent advances in PANoptosis mechanisms and regulation within the gut.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting PANoptosis for intestinal homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on PANoptosis and intestinal diseases.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on PANoptosis regulation and function.
  • Analysis of the interplay between PANoptosis, gut microbiota, and disease.

Main Results:

  • PANoptosis is implicated in Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and colorectal cancer.
  • Its role in intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury, necrotizing enterocolitis, and celiac disease is highlighted.
  • PANoptosis is also relevant in immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced colitis.

Conclusions:

  • PANoptosis is a critical factor in the pathogenesis of numerous intestinal diseases.
  • Understanding PANoptosis mechanisms and its gut microbiota interactions is crucial.
  • Targeting PANoptosis presents a promising therapeutic strategy for intestinal disorders.
Keywords:
Inflammatory cell deathIntestinal diseasesPANoptosisPANoptosomeZBP1

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