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Neural Correlates for Anticipating and Observing Goal-Directed Actions in Autism.

Manon A Krol¹, Tereza Skodova², Tjeerd Jellema²

¹Donders Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research

|May 23, 2026

Summary

Researchers explored brain activity in Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) by examining EEG-Mu oscillations during action observation. Findings revealed no significant group differences in motor-related circuit activation, suggesting typical responses in individuals with ASC.

Keywords:

ASD action observation anticipation lower mu band mu rhythm upper mu band

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Autism Research

Background:

Cortical motor-related circuits are crucial for understanding actions.
EEG-Mu oscillations (8-13 Hz) reflect motor system activity.
Autism Spectrum Conditions (ASC) may involve atypicalities in these circuits.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate differences in motor-related circuit activation between young adults with ASC and typical development (TD).
To explore the distinct roles of lower (8-10.5 Hz) and upper (10.5-13 Hz) Mu-subbands in ASC.
To analyze brain responses during the observation of actions with varying social and biological motion components.

Main Methods:

Electroencephalography (EEG) recordings from central, sensorimotor, and occipital areas.
Analysis of Mu-band power suppression during action observation and anticipatory cues.
Comparison of responses between individuals with ASC and TD groups.

Main Results:

Anticipatory Mu suppression was observed exclusively at the sensorimotor site in both groups.
Both groups showed greater Mu suppression in the lower vs. upper Mu band and at sensorimotor vs. other sites.
No significant differences in Mu suppression were found between ASC and TD groups.

Conclusions:

Young adults with ASC exhibit typical activation patterns in motor-related cortical circuits during action observation.
The study highlights the importance of the sensorimotor cortex and lower Mu-band in action processing.
Future research should further explore subtle differences in sensorimotor processing in ASC.