Long-Acting Dynamic Therapy Using X-Ray Activated Organic Nanoparticles for Afterglow Imaging Guided Deep Tumor...

Area of Science:

• Nanomedicine
• Biomedical Engineering
• Radiotherapy

Background:

• Traditional dynamic therapies (photodynamic, sonodynamic, chemodynamic) suffer from limited tissue penetration and short-lived effects.
• X-ray induced dynamic therapy offers deeper penetration but faces challenges with biosafety of inorganic materials and low reactive oxygen species (ROS) yield from organic counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop a minimally invasive strategy for deep-tissue tumor treatment using X-ray induced long-acting dynamic therapy.
• To investigate fused-triple-anthracene nanoparticles (FTA NPs) for persistent ROS generation and enhanced afterglow luminescence under X-ray irradiation.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of metal-free fused-triple-anthracene nanoparticles (FTA NPs).
• Evaluation of ROS generation (singlet oxygen, hydroxyl radicals) and sustained afterglow luminescence upon X-ray irradiation.
• Assessment of tissue penetration depth and therapeutic efficacy in preclinical tumor models using fractionated irradiation protocols.

Main Results:

• FTA NPs demonstrated sustained ROS generation and afterglow luminescence exceeding 15 minutes, outperforming conventional organic materials.
• Achieved 6 cm tissue penetration with X-ray irradiation, overcoming light-based therapy limitations.
• Fractionated irradiation enhanced ROS production, reduced radiation risks, and showed superior efficacy against pancreatic tumors compared to continuous irradiation.
• Metal-free FTA NPs exhibited high biocompatibility and safety.

Conclusions:

• X-ray induced long-acting dynamic therapy using FTA NPs is a safe and effective strategy for treating deep-seated tumors.
• The persistent ROS generation and afterglow luminescence of FTA NPs facilitate real-time treatment monitoring and improve therapeutic outcomes.
• Fractionated irradiation optimizes ROS generation and minimizes radiation-related risks, enhancing treatment efficacy.