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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care01:28

Chronic Kidney Disease III: Interprofessional Care

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires collaborative and comprehensive management. CKD progresses through stages and can lead to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) if untreated. Interprofessional collaboration and patient education are crucial, enabling patients to manage their health and improve their quality of life.Diagnostic approach for chronic kidney diseaseThe diagnosis of CKD primarily focuses on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which assesses kidney function by measuring how well...
Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management01:16

Kidney Transplant III: Nursing Management

Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
07:13

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform

Published on: April 12, 2021

Infection risk mitigation with complement inhibitors in kidney disease.

Mathilde Berghmans1, François Seghers2, Safak Mirioglu3,4

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals Namur (CHU UCL Namur), Namur, Belgium.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
|May 23, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Complement inhibitors in kidney disease increase infection risk, especially from encapsulated bacteria. Prevention strategies must be tailored to the specific complement target and include vaccination, prophylaxis, and patient education.

Keywords:
complement inhibitionglomerular diseasesinfectioninvasive meningococcal diseasethrombotic microangiopathy

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In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis
07:25

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis

Published on: May 4, 2017

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform
07:13

Digital Home-Monitoring of Patients after Kidney Transplantation: The MACCS Platform

Published on: April 12, 2021

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis
07:25

In Vitro Methods for Comparing Target Binding and CDC Induction Between Therapeutic Antibodies: Applications in Biosimilarity Analysis

Published on: May 4, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Complement inhibitors are increasingly used for kidney diseases.
  • Therapeutic complement blockade poses an infection risk, particularly against encapsulated bacteria.
  • Structured prevention strategies are essential for patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review complement biology and infection risks associated with complement inhibitors in kidney diseases.
  • To propose a pragmatic framework for mitigating infection risk in patients treated with complement inhibitors.
  • To inform clinical practice as complement therapies expand.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review integrating complement biology, kidney trial evidence, pharmacovigilance data, and public health recommendations.
  • Analysis of target-specific infectious risk patterns based on complement functions (C3b opsonisation, C3a/C5a inflammation, MAC formation).

Main Results:

  • Terminal C5 inhibition (eculizumab, ravulizumab) shows a consistent risk of invasive meningococcal disease, even with vaccination.
  • Inhibition at C3/C3b or alternative pathway shows no consistent encapsulated-pathogen signal in Phase 3 trials, but long-term data is limited.
  • Infection risk is target-dependent and amplified by CKD, dialysis, transplantation, and immunosuppression.

Conclusions:

  • Effective prevention requires target-adapted vaccination, potential antimicrobial prophylaxis, and patient education.
  • Vaccination alone does not eliminate infection risk, especially with C5 blockade.
  • Mechanism-informed, kidney-specific prevention strategies are crucial for safe use of complement inhibitors.