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Two decades of research on drug resistance in renal cell carcinoma

Yi Huang1,2, Zhicheng Tang3, He Xu1

  • 1Department of Urology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Discover Oncology
|May 23, 2026
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Research on renal cell carcinoma (RCC) drug resistance is rapidly expanding. Key areas include understanding resistance mechanisms, the tumor microenvironment, and the role of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Bibliometrics

Background:

  • Drug resistance in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) presents a significant clinical challenge.
  • Mechanisms include genetic mutations, angiogenesis, immune suppression, and metabolic reprogramming.
  • These factors contribute to treatment failure in RCC patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct a bibliometric analysis of RCC drug resistance research from 1999 to 2023.
  • Identify leading contributors, research hotspots, and emerging trends.
  • Provide insights into future research directions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search on renal cancer drug resistance from 1999-2023 in Web of Science Core Collection.
  • Visual analysis using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software.
  • Focus on country, institution, journal, author, and keyword contributions, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Main Results:

  • Analysis of 4130 publications reveals a surge in research over the past two decades.
  • Harvard University and author Motzer RJ are prominent contributors.
  • Key topics: clinical trials, drug efficacy, tumor molecular characteristics, immune microenvironment, personalized treatments, TME dynamics, metabolic alterations, and ICIs.

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights significant advancements in understanding RCC drug resistance mechanisms.
  • Further research is needed on the tumor microenvironment (TME) and the combined therapeutic potential of ICIs and targeted therapies.
Keywords:
BibliometricsDrug toleranceImmune checkpoint inhibitorsRenal carcinoma

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