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Could behaviour change interventions be incorporated into cardiac rehabilitation programmes for insomnia and poor

Elizabeth White1, Hady Atef2

  • 1School of Allied Health Professions and Pharmacy (SAHPaP), Keele University, Staffordshire, UK.

Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung
|May 23, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Behavior change interventions can improve sleep in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients. Cognitive behavioral therapy and brief behavioral treatment for insomnia show promise for better sleep outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Behavioral Science
  • Sleep Medicine

Background:

  • Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of mortality, with poor sleep and insomnia being overlooked risk factors.
  • Sleep disorders negatively impact CVD patients, yet are underrepresented in cardiac care guidelines and rehabilitation programs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore behavior change interventions for integrating sleep management into cardiac rehabilitation for CVD patients.
  • To review recent literature on utilizing behavioral strategies to address sleep issues in cardiovascular care.

Main Methods:

  • A scoping review of recent literature was conducted using four medical databases.
  • A PICO framework guided the search, yielding 782 results, with 23 studies included for analysis.
  • Included study designs encompassed randomized controlled trials, pilot trials, secondary data analysis, and systematic reviews.

Main Results:

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) was the most effective intervention, especially in group and web-based formats.
  • Brief behavioral treatment for insomnia (BBTI) showed promise as a flexible and adaptable approach, reducing insomnia severity.
  • Both CBT and BBTI demonstrated positive impacts on sleep outcomes in CVD populations.

Conclusions:

  • Behavior change interventions hold significant potential for improving sleep in CVD patients.
  • Gaps in evidence include intervention protocol and sample population heterogeneity; future research should involve stakeholders.
  • Future studies should explore telehealth and flexible implementation strategies for cardiac rehabilitation.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cardiac rehabilitationCardiovascular diseaseSleep

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