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Updated: May 25, 2026

An Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Setup to Investigate the Reactive Species Formation
Published on: November 3, 2016
Cold atmospheric plasma induces oxidation, nitration, nitrosation and racemization of free amino acids in model
Mohammad Bayati1, Brijesh K Tiwari2, Mahesha M Poojary1
1Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Rolighedsvej 26, 1958, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.
Abstract:
Cold plasma is an emerging food processing technology, but its oxidative and nitrosative effects on amino acids remain poorly understood. This study quantified reactive species and modified products formed during plasma treatment of proteogenic amino acids. After 10 min treatment, hydrogen peroxide, hydroperoxides, ozone, peroxynitrite, nitrate, and nitrite were generated at 0 μM, 7 μM, 23.5 μM, 331 nM, 1.8 mM, and 0.8 mM, respectively. Amino acids (1 mM) readily attacked nitrite, with aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamine, valine, glycine, alanine, and histidine completely scavenging it. All amino acids showed high susceptibility to modification with 75-100% loss. Asparagine and glutamine underwent deamidation, while others oxidized, nitrated, or nitrosated to yield >35 modified products, some in mmol/mol range (e.g., methionine sulfoxide, dityrosine, 5-nitrotryptophan). Additionally, stereoisomerization of ʟ-serine, ʟ-threonine, ʟ-arginine, ʟ-leucine and ʟ-glutamic acid to their ᴅ-forms occurred in μmol/mol range. The study revealed extensive cold plasma-induced amino acid modifications with implications for protein oxidation chemistry.
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