Relative ordered structure evaluation of water-extracted polysaccharides from Morchella sextelata: Geographical...

Area of Science:

• Mycology
• Carbohydrate Chemistry
• Biochemistry

Background:

• Morchella fruiting body polysaccharides possess diverse pharmacological activities.
• These activities are intrinsically linked to their specific structural characteristics.
• Understanding polysaccharide structure is key to unlocking their therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the structural features of polysaccharides from Morchella sextelata cultivated in five distinct geographical regions of China.
• To analyze the variations and conserved patterns within these polysaccharides using advanced analytical techniques.
• To validate the
• relative ordered structure
• theory for M. sextelata polysaccharides.

Main Methods:

• Hot water extraction of polysaccharides from M. sextelata.
• Structural characterization using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, monosaccharide composition analysis, methylation analysis, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy.
• Chemometric analysis to elucidate structural features and classify polysaccharide subtypes.

Main Results:

• Polysaccharides consistently resolved into three main subtypes: glucans, heteroglucans, and galactomannans, irrespective of geographical origin.
• Key structural differences were observed in the relative distribution and fine structural proportions (e.g., molar ratios, branching density) among origins, rather than fundamental classification.
• Detailed structural analysis identified specific glycosidic linkages and backbone compositions for each subtype, including →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ in glucans and complex arrangements in heteroglucans and galactomannans.

Conclusions:

• The study successfully classified M. sextelata polysaccharides into distinct subtypes based on monosaccharide composition and glycosidic linkage patterns.
• The findings provide strong support for the
• relative ordered structure
• theory in the context of water-extracted polysaccharides from M. sextelata.
• This research simplifies the complex nature of polysaccharide structures, enhancing the understanding of their inherent regularity and potential applications.