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Association of long-COVID with major adverse cardiovascular events and mortality: a real-world data cohort study

Yueh-Ting Tsai1,2,3, Bo-Yuan Wang2,3, Sai-Wai Ho2,3

  • 1Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
|May 24, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Long COVID significantly increases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality. This study highlights the critical need for cardiovascular monitoring in long COVID patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Limited research exists on the cardiovascular impact of long COVID.
  • Understanding long COVID's association with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between long COVID and the risk of MACE.
  • To examine the link between long COVID and all-cause mortality.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using TriNetX real-world data (2020-2023).
  • Included adult patients diagnosed with COVID-19.
  • Compared long COVID patients (diagnosed 3-6 months post-COVID) with non-long COVID patients.

Main Results:

  • Long COVID patients had a 4.48 times higher risk of MACE (HR: 4.48, 95% CI: 3.95-5.07).
  • Elevated risks observed for coronary artery disease (HR: 6.48) and stroke (HR: 3.46).
  • Mortality risk was 1.53 times higher in the long COVID group (HR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.38-1.69).

Conclusions:

  • Long COVID is associated with a significantly increased risk of MACE.
  • Patients with long COVID face higher risks for cardiovascular events and mortality.
Abstract

Keywords:
Cohort studyLong-COVIDMajor adverse cardiovascular eventsMortality

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