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A Within-subjects Experimental Protocol to Assess the Effects of Social Input on Infant EEG
Published on: May 3, 2017
Child opportunity and cognitive development in a clinically referred sample.
Hayley Loblein1,2, Johanna Nielsen1, Mary Godfrey1
1Division of Pediatric Neuropsychology, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.
Summary
Neighborhood opportunity is linked to higher child IQ scores. Educational and social/economic resources in a child's environment significantly impact cognitive development and performance.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Developmental Psychology
- Public Health
Background:
- Neighborhood context significantly influences child development.
- Assessing the impact of neighborhood resources on cognitive outcomes is crucial for understanding developmental trajectories.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the association between neighborhood opportunity and IQ in youth undergoing neuropsychological evaluations.
- To explore potential moderators such as age, sex, and medical condition in this relationship.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 4,633 youth (ages 2-22) in the DC Metro Area undergoing neuropsychological evaluation.
- Assessed neighborhood opportunity using the Child Opportunity Index (COI) 2.0.
- Employed multiple regression analyses to determine associations between COI and various IQ measures, controlling for demographic and medical factors.
Main Results:
- Neighborhood opportunity was positively associated with full scale, verbal, and non-verbal IQ, explaining 10-14% of cognitive variance.
- The association between neighborhood opportunity and IQ was stronger in older youth.
- Educational and social/economic factors of neighborhood opportunity were significantly linked to cognitive outcomes, unlike health/environmental factors.
Conclusions:
- Higher neighborhood opportunity, particularly in educational and social/economic domains, is linked to better cognitive performance in youth.
- Neighborhood context is a critical factor to consider when interpreting children's cognitive evaluations.
- Findings support advocating for improved community resources to address inequities impacting cognitive development.
Keywords:
Cognitive functioningchild opportunityneighborhoodpediatric neuropsychologysocial determinants of healthMore Related Videos
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