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Related Concept Videos

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation01:30

Heart Failure IV: Classification and Diagnostic Evaluation

Heart failure can be classified in various ways, with the most common classifications based on physical activity limitations, disease progression, severity, and treatment strategies.The Functional Classification of Heart Failure divides patients into four categories based on physical activity limitation due to symptom burden.Class I: Patients in this class have cardiac disease but no physical activity limitations. Ordinary activities like walking, climbing stairs, or routine tasks do not cause...
Heart Failure V: Medical Management01:30

Heart Failure V: Medical Management

Medical Management of Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)The primary goals of therapy for patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) include:Relieving symptomsOptimizing volume statusSupporting oxygenation and ventilationMaintaining cardiac output (CO) and end-organ perfusionIdentifying and addressing the cause of ADHFPreventing complicationsProviding patient education on factors precipitating HF exacerbationPlanning for dischargeOngoing monitoring and assessment...
Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions01:30

Heart Failure VII: Nursing Interventions

The first step in nursing management of a patient with heart failure involves thoroughly assessing the patient's medical history.Subjective Data: Obtain the patient's medical history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and symptoms like dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea.Objective Data: Conduct a physical examination to identify findings such as jugular vein distention, pulmonary crackles, tachycardia, murmurs, peripheral edema, and vital signs,...
Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology01:29

Heart Failure II: Pathophysiology

Systolic Heart Failure and Compensatory MechanismsSystolic heart failure (also termed HFrEF, Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction) is the most prevalent type of heart filure. It results in a decreased volume of blood being pumped from the ventricle. The aortic arch and carotid sinuses have baroreceptors that detect reduced blood pressure, triggering the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) to release epinephrine and norepinephrine. Initially, this response aims to boost heart rate and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
14:35

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs

Published on: April 17, 2021

In-Hospital Improved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction and Prognosis in Acute Heart Failure.

Daniele Cocianni1, Davide Barbisan1, Maria Perotto1

  • 1Cardiothoracovascular Department Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina and University Hospital of Trieste Trieste Italy.

Journal of the American Heart Association
|May 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Nearly 15% of patients with acute heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) improve their ejection fraction (EF) during hospitalization. This heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) is linked to better survival rates.

Keywords:
acute heart failuredeathleft ventricular ejection fractionoutcomessystolic functiontrajectories

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Transthoracic Echocardiography to Assess Post-Resuscitation Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest in Pigs
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Transthoracic Echocardiography to Assess Post-Resuscitation Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest in Pigs

Published on: July 12, 2022

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs
14:35

Post-Myocardial Infarction Heart Failure in Closed-chest Coronary Occlusion/Reperfusion Model in Göttingen Minipigs and Landrace Pigs

Published on: April 17, 2021

Transthoracic Echocardiography to Assess Post-Resuscitation Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest in Pigs
08:19

Transthoracic Echocardiography to Assess Post-Resuscitation Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest in Pigs

Published on: July 12, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Heart Failure Research
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • In-hospital changes in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) for acute heart failure (AHF) patients are understudied.
  • Investigating heart failure with improved ejection fraction (HFimpEF) offers insights into AHF recovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of HFimpEF at discharge in AHF patients.
  • To identify predictors of HFimpEF.
  • To assess the association between HFimpEF and patient outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of AHF patients with LVEF ≤40% at admission and ≥2 echocardiograms.
  • HFimpEF defined as LVEF >40% with ≥10% improvement at discharge.
  • Primary endpoint: 1-year all-cause mortality; secondary: LVEF trajectory at 1-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • 14.9% of 779 AHF patients achieved HFimpEF.
  • Predictors included valvular heart disease, lower LV volumes, and absence of RV dysfunction.
  • HFimpEF independently associated with lower 1- and 5-year all-cause mortality (HR 0.324 and 0.584, respectively).
  • 86% of HFimpEF patients maintained improved LVEF at 1 year.

Conclusions:

  • Approximately 15% of AHF patients with LVEF ≤40% develop HFimpEF before discharge.
  • Valvular disease, less LV remodeling, and preserved RV function predict HFimpEF.
  • HFimpEF is associated with significantly reduced long-term mortality risk.