Klippel-Feil Syndrome: A Rare Case Report

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Neurology
• Genetics

Background:

• Klippel-Feil syndrome (KFS) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by the fusion of at least two cervical vertebrae.
• KFS can present with a spectrum of clinical manifestations, including short neck, limited neck mobility, and spinal deformities.
• Neurological deficits are a common complication, but some patients, particularly those with milder forms like Samartzis Type II, may remain neurologically intact.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of Klippel-Feil syndrome in an adolescent male.
• To evaluate the effectiveness of conservative management in a KFS patient without neurological deficits.
• To emphasize the benefits of non-surgical interventions for specific KFS classifications.

Main Methods:

• A case study of an 18-year-old Iraqi male diagnosed with Klippel-Feil syndrome.
• Diagnosis confirmed through physical examination and imaging studies revealing cervical spine fusion and spinal deformities.
• Treatment involved a 12-month course of conservative management, including a corrective collar, cervical traction (5 kg), and physiotherapy.

Main Results:

• The patient presented with classic KFS features: short neck, low hairline, winged scapula, scoliosis, kyphoscoliosis, and Sprengel's deformity.
• Following 12 months of conservative treatment, significant reduction in neck pain was observed.
• A notable increase in the patient's cervical range of motion was achieved.

Conclusions:

• Conservative management, including bracing, traction, and physiotherapy, can be highly effective for Klippel-Feil syndrome patients without neurological compromise.
• This case supports the efficacy of non-surgical interventions for Samartzis Type II KFS.
• Early and targeted conservative treatment can significantly improve pain and functional outcomes in selected KFS patients.