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Related Concept Videos

Body Temperature01:07

Body Temperature

Body temperature reflects the equilibrium between heat production and heat loss within the body. Most heat is generated by metabolically active tissues, particularly the liver, heart, brain, kidneys, and endocrine organs. At rest, skeletal muscles contribute 20–30% of total heat production, but during vigorous exercise, this can increase up to 30–40 times.
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Body Temperature01:25

Body Temperature

The body's temperature, measured in degrees, is determined by the balance between heat production and dissipation to the surrounding environment. For instance, if exercising vigorously, the body will produce more heat, causing sweat and dissipating that heat. Despite extreme environmental conditions and physical exertion, the human temperature-control system maintains a constant core body temperature (the temperature of deep tissues, which are the tissues located beneath the skin and other...
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Motional Emf

Magnetic flux depends on three factors: the strength of the magnetic field, the area through which the field lines pass, and the field's orientation with respect to the surface area. If any of these quantities vary, a corresponding variation in magnetic flux occurs. If the area through which the magnetic field lines are passing changes, then the magnetic flux also changes. This change in the area can be of two types: the flux through the rectangular loop increases as it moves into the magnetic...
Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium01:11

Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

Heat and temperature are essential concepts for everyone every day. The study of heat and temperature is part of an area of physics known as thermodynamics. It is not always easy to distinguish heat and temperature.
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Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery01:19

Assessing Body Temperature - Temporal Artery

Here is a stepwise guide to assessing the body temperature at the temporal artery using a temporal artery thermometer
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene and don a fresh pair of gloves to prevent cross-infection and ensure patient safety.
Step 2: Explain the procedure to the patient to establish trust. Clear communication establishes trust with the patient, ensures they understand what to expect, promotes cooperation, and enhances comfort during the procedure.  
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Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...

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Updated: May 26, 2026

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation
12:33

Corticospinal Excitability Modulation During Action Observation

Published on: December 31, 2013

Collective Motional Temperature.

Sohila Abdelhafiz1,2, Amir M Jazayeri1, Aristide Dogariu1

  • 1CREOL, The College of Optics and Photonics, University of Central Florida, 4304 Scorpius Street, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States.

ACS Omega
|May 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We introduce collective motional temperature in interacting nanoparticles. Heating and cooling times are unequal, influenced by optical fields and gravity, impacting many-body dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Soft Matter Physics
  • Nanoparticle Dynamics
  • Non-equilibrium Systems

Background:

  • Understanding collective behavior in dense nanoparticle systems is crucial for many-body physics.
  • Nonequilibrium phenomena in dynamic systems require high spatial and temporal resolution.
  • Interacting nanoparticles are influenced by external fields and their own optical modifications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce and analyze the time evolution of collective motional temperature.
  • Investigate the role of gravity and optical fields on nanoparticle systems.
  • Examine heating and cooling dynamics in interacting many-body systems.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental approach with high spatial and temporal resolution.
  • Study of a dense colloidal medium under gravity and an external optical field.
  • Analysis of nanoparticle interactions mediated by a dynamically modified optical field.

Main Results:

  • Particle number density is primarily affected by gravity and radiation pressure.
  • Collective motional temperature is determined by the dynamic optical speckle field.
  • Effective heating and cooling times are unequal for interacting many-body systems, similar to isolated particles.
  • Collective motional temperature shows dependence on the external optical field intensity.

Conclusions:

  • Collective motional temperature is a key parameter in dense nanoparticle systems.
  • Asymmetric heating and cooling dynamics are characteristic of interacting many-body systems.
  • External optical field intensity is a critical factor in controlling nanoparticle temperature.