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Oncolytic myxoma virus and engineering strategies for advanced cancer immunotherapy

A D Trujillo Yeriomenko1, A S Isaeva1,2, E E Idota1

  • 1First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow 119048, Russia.

Iscience
|May 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Oncolytic myxoma virus (MYXV) shows promise as a cancer immunotherapy agent. Preclinical studies indicate its potential for killing cancer cells and a favorable safety profile, supporting its move toward human clinical trials.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Immunology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are a promising cancer immunotherapy approach.
  • Non-zoonotic animal viruses are of significant interest for developing safe viral vectors.
  • Myxoma virus (MYXV) is an emerging OV with potential in cancer therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in MYXV-based cancer therapy.
  • To discuss engineered viral modifications and delivery strategies for MYXV.
  • To evaluate MYXV's potential for clinical translation in cancer immunotherapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on MYXV in cancer therapy.
  • Analysis of engineered MYXV modifications and delivery systems.
  • Comparison of MYXV with other established oncolytic viruses.

Main Results:

  • MYXV demonstrates promising oncolytic potential.
  • Preclinical studies suggest a satisfactory safety profile for MYXV.
  • Engineered MYXV modifications and alternative delivery strategies are advancing its therapeutic application.

Conclusions:

  • MYXV is a viable candidate for cancer immunotherapy.
  • Further preclinical development is crucial for MYXV's transition to clinical trials.
  • MYXV shows potential for combination therapies with other anticancer agents.
Keywords:
CancerImmunologyTherapeutics

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