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Biological Effects of Radiation

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...

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Regression Equation for Predicting Source Strength Detection Rate in Iodine-125 Seed Brachytherapy.

Masato Takanashi¹, Isao Kuroda², Tatsuhiko Zama¹

¹Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Ami, JPN.

|May 25, 2026

Summary

Medical physicists must verify iodine-125 (125I) seed activity for prostate cancer brachytherapy. This study validates a regression equation to ensure accurate source strength detection rates, improving treatment reliability.

Keywords:

125i seed brachytherapy batch assay dead seed iodine-125 prostate cancer single-seed assay well-type ionization chamber

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Area of Science:

Medical Physics
Radiation Oncology
Nuclear Medicine

Background:

Prostate cancer incidence is rising globally, increasing demand for treatments like iodine-125 (125I) seed brachytherapy.
Inaccurate source activity in 125I seeds can compromise treatment efficacy and patient safety.
Low verification rates of seed activity and number in Japan necessitate improved quality assurance protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

To validate a regression equation for predicting accurate source strength detection rates based on the number of radiation sources.
To provide a reliable method for facilities to verify 125I seed activity, addressing challenges with single-seed assays in Japan.

Main Methods:

Utilized a batch assay method with a well-type ionization chamber (CRC-15R) to measure source intensity detection rates.
Collected data on AgX100 seeds and employed Microsoft Excel 2019 to calculate a regression equation correlating source number to detection rate.
Established specific control limits (acceptance and intervention) for batch assay results.

Main Results:

Developed and validated a regression equation to predict appropriate detection rates for varying numbers of 125I radiation sources.
The study provides a practical alternative to single-seed assays for source strength verification in 125I brachytherapy.

Conclusions:

The validated regression equation offers a crucial reference for facilities performing or planning 125I seed brachytherapy.
Accurate source strength measurement is critical for ensuring the safety and effectiveness of prostate cancer brachytherapy.