First Reported Coexistence of Plasma Cell Gingivitis and Multiple Sclerosis: A Case Report

Area of Science:

• Oral Medicine
• Neurology
• Immunology

Background:

• Plasma cell gingivitis (PCG) is a rare oral inflammatory condition with uncertain etiology.
• Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune CNS disorder potentially impacting oral health.
• The co-occurrence of PCG and MS is exceptionally rare, with no prior documented cases.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a unique case of PCG in a patient with long-standing, well-controlled MS.
• To highlight the unusual coexistence of these two distinct medical conditions.
• To prompt further investigation into potential shared mechanisms or coincidental occurrences.

Main Methods:

• A case presentation of a 26-year-old female patient with a history of MS.
• Clinical examination of gingival tissues revealing erythema and edema.
• Histopathological analysis of gingival biopsy confirming a dense plasma cell infiltrate consistent with PCG.

Main Results:

• Diagnosis of PCG established in a patient with stable MS.
• Successful symptomatic management of PCG with corticosteroid mouthwash.
• No MS exacerbation or systemic complications observed during the 6-month follow-up.

Conclusions:

• This case represents the first documented instance of PCG coexisting with MS.
• The underlying relationship between PCG and MS remains speculative, possibly involving shared immunologic pathways or chance.
• Further research is warranted to explore potential associations and inform clinical management strategies.