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The "Cairo Accord"- towards the eradication of RHD: revisited (2026)

Susy Kotit1, Magdi Yacoub1,2

  • 1Aswan Heart Centre, Magdi Yacoub Heart Foundation, Aswan, Egypt.

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
|May 25, 2026
PubMed

Insights

Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a major global health issue, especially in poorer areas. This article revisits the Cairo Accord to update strategies for RHD eradication, focusing on progress and new recommendations.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Global Health
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) poses a significant global health burden, disproportionately affecting children and young adults in resource-limited settings.
  • RHD is a preventable yet often neglected condition, causing substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To revisit the Cairo Accord and outline policy priorities for the eradication of Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD).
  • To present updated recommendations based on progress made since the 2021 update in RHD management and research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in RHD research and control strategies.
  • Analysis of progress in disease registries, screening, and therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Highlighting significant progress in RHD management and research since the last update.
  • Formulating updated recommendations for RHD eradication efforts.

Conclusions:

  • Continued focus on disease registries, echocardiographic screening, and genetic research is crucial.
  • Accelerating the development of Centers of Excellence and innovative treatments like MV repair and tissue-engineered valves is recommended for RHD eradication.

Keywords:
Cairo Accorddisease burdenneglected diseasesrheumatic fever (RF)rheumatic heart disease (RHD)roadmap

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