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Updated: May 26, 2026

Regulatory T cells: Therapeutic Potential for Treating Transplant Rejection and Type I Diabetes
Published on: August 20, 2007
Regulatory T cell therapy in autoimmune and immune-mediated diseases: from basic research to clinical practice and
Shihao Duan1, Junyan Zhang2, Zhongxiu Chen2
1Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing Academy of Medical Sciences, Chongqing General Hospital, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China.
Abstract:
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are pivotal immune modulators essential for maintaining immune homeostasis and preventing aberrant immune responses. In recent years, Treg-based therapies have emerged as a promising strategy for treating a variety of non-malignant diseases, including autoimmune disorders, transplantation-related complications, and allergic conditions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the discovery and evolution of Tregs, detailing their immunoregulatory mechanisms that underpin their therapeutic potential. We systematically evaluate current clinical applications of Treg therapy in diverse non-tumor pathologies, highlighting both the efficacy and safety outcomes reported in ongoing clinical trials. Additionally, the review addresses the challenges faced in translating Treg therapies from bench to bedside, such as cell stability, expansion methodologies, and functional heterogeneity. Finally, we explore future directions in Treg research, including innovative therapeutic approaches, advances in gene engineering technologies, and improvements in cell expansion techniques, all aimed at enhancing the clinical translation and therapeutic efficacy of Treg-based interventions. This article aims to provide a thorough theoretical foundation and practical guidance to advance the application of Treg therapy in non-malignant diseases.
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