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Flow Cytometry

Flow Cytometry

The development of flow cytometry techniques began in 1934 with initial attempts by Andrew Moldavan, a bacteriologist who counted the cells in a flowing capillary system. Moldavan pumped cells through a capillary tube focused under a microscope for visualization. The invention of photometry allowed the measurement of differentially-stained cells, and Louis Kamentsky developed the first multiparameter flow cytometer in 1965 to identify and count the cancer cells in cervical tissue specimens.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation: A High Throughput Quantitative Method to Study Protein-protein Interaction

Flow Cytometric Analysis of Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation: A High Throughput Quantitative Method to Study Protein-protein Interaction

Published on: August 15, 2013

A Label-Free Dual-Mode Flow Cytometry for Single-Cell Physicochemical Property Analysis.

Junwen Zhu¹, Xueping Zou¹, Jialu Tian¹

¹State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instrument, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.

Analytical Chemistry

|May 25, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel dual-mode flow cytometry combining impedance and mass cytometry to analyze single cells. This multimodal approach enhances cell typing accuracy and reveals new insights into cellular biophysics and molecular mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

Biophysics
Cell Biology
Analytical Chemistry

Background:

Label-free flow cytometry is crucial for cellular characterization.
Existing methods lack the ability to measure both physical and chemical properties simultaneously at the single-cell level.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a label-free dual-mode flow cytometry system integrating impedance and mass cytometry.
To characterize physicochemical properties of single cells for improved cell typing and molecular mechanism investigation.

Main Methods:

Integration of impedance cytometry for electrical and mechanical properties with mass cytometry for chemical composition analysis.
On-chip electrospray ionization for mass spectrometry analysis of metabolites and lipids.
Pilot testing on three human leukemia cell lines (THP-1, Jurkat, HL-60).

Main Results:

Dual-mode cytometry achieved ~11% higher accuracy in cell typing compared to single-mode methods.
Identified potential correlations between specific lipids (e.g., PC(P-36:0), PE(P-36:4), PC(38:2)) and cellular electrical properties.
Preliminary findings suggest lipid composition influences biophysical characteristics like conductivity and capacitance.

Conclusions:

The proposed dual-mode flow cytometry enables comprehensive single-cell physicochemical characterization.
This technique offers new perspectives for studying molecular underpinnings of cellular biophysics.
The findings open avenues for multimodal cell characterization and molecular cell biology research.