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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 26, 2026

EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
11:50

EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development

Published on: April 9, 2014

Rethinking monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis as a developmental variation.

Osamu Uemura1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Ichinomiya Medical Treatment & Habilitation Center, Ichinomiya, Aichi, Japan. nakoshichichi@gmail.com.

European Journal of Pediatrics
|May 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (bedwetting) may be a developmental variation due to delayed arousal maturation, not a disorder. This perspective can reduce medicalization and improve care for children with enuresis.

Keywords:
Arousal maturationBladder maturationChild developmentDevelopmental mismatchDevelopmental variationMonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis

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Last Updated: May 26, 2026

EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
11:50

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Published on: April 9, 2014

Real-Time Void Spot Assay
06:39

Real-Time Void Spot Assay

Published on: February 10, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric urology
  • Developmental pediatrics
  • Sleep medicine

Background:

  • Monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) is common in children and often viewed as a functional disorder linked to delayed maturation.
  • Factors like urine production, bladder capacity, and sleep arousal influence MNE.
  • Current treatments focus on symptom management rather than underlying causes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an alternative interpretation of MNE as a developmental variation.
  • To highlight the role of delayed sleep-arousal maturation in MNE.
  • To advocate for a reframed understanding to reduce medicalization.

Main Methods:

  • Mini-review of existing literature on MNE pathophysiology and management.
  • Developmental perspective analysis of continence mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge to propose a new framework.

Main Results:

  • MNE may stem from a temporal mismatch in maturation of continence-related processes, especially sleep arousal.
  • This developmental variation perspective challenges the view of MNE as a primary structural disorder.
  • Reframing MNE can support reassurance and shared decision-making.

Conclusions:

  • MNE is better understood as a developmental variation rather than a pathological disorder.
  • A developmental framework emphasizes delayed arousal maturation as a key factor.
  • This approach can lead to more individualized care and reduced unnecessary medical interventions for enuresis.