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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Respiration01:23

Assessment of Respiration

The respiratory system's basic structures and primary functions lay the foundation for nurses' comprehensive respiratory assessments. This assessment includes subjective and objective data to gauge the patient's respiratory health.
Subjective Assessment: Nurses interview the patient to gather information directly during the subjective assessment. It includes questions about the individual's medical history, medications, and symptoms, focusing on past respiratory conditions like asthma or COPD,...
Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications01:19

Respiratory Assessment: Purpose and Indications

Respiratory assessment is a cornerstone of nursing assessments, crucial for the early detection of patient deterioration. This evaluation transcends routine procedures, representing a critical skill nurses must master to ensure optimal patient care.
Objectives and Importance:
The primary goal of respiratory assessment is to evaluate patients at early risk of clinical deterioration. Since respiratory distress often precedes other signs of declining health, breathing patterns and sounds become a...
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation01:28

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract IV: Auscultation

Auscultation is a crucial component of the physical assessment of the respiratory tract. It offers valuable insights into airflow through the bronchial tree and potential lung obstructions. This process involves careful listening to breath, voice, and adventitious sounds, which can reveal a wealth of information about a patient's respiratory health.
Breath Sounds
Breath sounds are categorized into vesicular, bronchovesicular, and bronchial.
Common Respiratory Disorders01:31

Common Respiratory Disorders

Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
Respiratory Volumes01:15

Respiratory Volumes

Respiratory volumes are crucial metrics, meticulously measured to quantify the air exchanged in and out of the lungs during various phases of the breathing cycle. These precise measurements are vital for assessing lung function, diagnosing respiratory conditions, and monitoring overall respiratory health. Each parameter provides specific insights into the mechanics of breathing and the functional capacity of the lungs.
Tidal Volume (TV) Tidal volume (TV) is the air inhaled or exhaled in a...
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities01:22

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 27, 2026

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay
09:14

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay

Published on: January 26, 2019

2024 Annual Australian Respiratory Surveillance Report.

Jenna Hassall1, Suzie Whitehead2, Lauren Welsh2

  • 1Respiratory Diseases Section, Public Health Division, Australian Centre for Disease Control, Canberra ACT 2601. respiratory.surveillance@cdc.gov.au.

Communicable Diseases Intelligence (2018)
|May 25, 2026
PubMed
Summary

In 2024, Australia saw increased influenza and RSV cases but fewer COVID-19 cases. While overall acute respiratory infections were high, health system burden was lower, though COVID-19 remained the leading cause of respiratory infection deaths.

Keywords:
AustraliaCOVID-19RSVSARS-CoV-2acute respiratory diseaseepidemiologyinfluenzainfluenza like illness (ILI)severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)surveillance

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Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay
09:14

An Improved and High Throughput Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Micro-neutralization Assay

Published on: January 26, 2019

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting
14:49

Conducting Respiratory Oscillometry in an Outpatient Setting

Published on: April 8, 2022

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics
14:56

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

Published on: April 6, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • In 2024, COVID-19, influenza, and RSV were nationally notifiable in Australia.
  • Surveillance data provides insights into the epidemiology of these key respiratory pathogens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze and compare the 2024 surveillance data for COVID-19, influenza, and RSV in Australia.
  • To assess trends in notifications, symptoms, hospitalizations, and mortality associated with these infections.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized national notifiable disease surveillance data for COVID-19, influenza, and RSV.
  • Analyzed trends in case notifications, sentinel laboratory test positivity, community symptoms, general practice consultations, hospital admissions, intensive care unit admissions, and mortality.
  • Compared 2024 data with previous years (2023, 2022).

Main Results:

  • Notifications: Influenza and RSV increased, while COVID-19 decreased in 2024 compared to 2023.
  • Hospitalizations: Fewer COVID-19 and influenza hospital admissions, but increased overall severe acute respiratory infection ICU admissions.
  • Mortality: Increased deaths for influenza and RSV, decreased for COVID-19; COVID-19 remained the leading cause of respiratory infection mortality.
  • Demographics: Older age groups were more vulnerable to fatal outcomes across all three infections.

Conclusions:

  • Australia experienced high overall acute respiratory infection activity in 2024 with moderate severity.
  • Despite increased influenza and RSV activity, the overall burden on health system utilization was lower than in some previous periods.
  • COVID-19 continues to be the primary driver of mortality from acute respiratory infections, particularly in older adults.