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Asymmetry analysis of both humeri: Comparisons of conventional and computational measurement
Hyun-Joo Lee1, Seong Soo Kim2, Suk-Joong Lee3
1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Institute of Medical Device and Robot, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Background:
Bilateral bone symmetry is clinically important for reconstructive and robotic surgery. However, existing measurements rely on manual methods that lack consistency.
Methods:
Ninety-three bilateral humeri were analyzed using three-dimensional computerized models. Conventional and computational measurements were compared. Reference coordinates were defined through principal component analysis to align each model objectively.
Findings:
The computational method showed consistent, reproducible results. Asymmetry was observed in length, head area, and torsion, whereas the position of the largest cross-sectional area remained similar bilaterally.
Interpretation:
Computational 3D measurements improve reliability and objectivity in bone morphology evaluation and may enhance precision in orthopedic applications.
