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Fractional-order analysis of a fear-induced ecoepidemiological predator-prey model with optimal control and

Faizah A H Alomari1, G M Bahaa2

  • 1Department of Mathematics, Al-Baha University, 65779, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia.

Scientific Reports
|May 25, 2026
PubMed

Keywords:
Bifurcation analysisCaputo derivativeCost-effectiveness analysisEcoepidemiological modelFear effectFractional optimal controlFractional-order systemsMatignon stability criterionPontryagin maximum principle

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