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Brain Imaging

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Updated: May 27, 2026

High-resolution Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Subcortex In Vivo and Postmortem

High-resolution Structural Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Human Subcortex In Vivo and Postmortem

Published on: December 30, 2015

Predicting visual mental imagery: structural and transcriptomic signatures in the human brain.

Ruxin Xu¹, Dai Zhang^2,3, Ke Zhou¹

¹Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Psychology Education (Beijing Normal University), Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.

Communications Biology

|May 25, 2026

Summary

Individual differences in visual mental imagery (VMI) vividness are linked to a distributed brain network, not just early visual areas. This finding offers insights into the neurobiology of VMI.

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Last Updated: May 27, 2026

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Neuroimaging

Background:

Individual variability in visual mental imagery (VMI) vividness is significant.
The neurobiological underpinnings of VMI vividness, particularly the roles of early visual cortex versus higher-order systems, are debated.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the structural and molecular bases of individual differences in VMI vividness.
To determine if VMI ability relies on early visual cortex or distributed cortical networks.

Main Methods:

Cortical morphometric modeling was applied to predict VMI ability in 229 adults.
20-fold cross-validation with random splits was used for prediction accuracy.
Transcriptomic alignment with the Allen Human Brain Atlas was performed.

Main Results:

The morphometric signature for VMI ability spanned ventral temporal, parietal, and prefrontal cortices.
No dominant contribution from early visual regions (V1) was observed.
Gene expression was enriched in neuronal development, synaptic signaling, and ion transport.

Conclusions:

VMI vividness is supported by a distributed cortical architecture.
These findings provide a molecular context for the neurobiological processes underlying VMI.