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Effect of methotrexate on endothelial function in psoriasis patients
Tiago Almeida Santos Costa1, Isabella Bonilha2, Sheila Tatsumi Kimura Medorima2
1School of Medical Sciences, Dermatology Division, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
Introduction:
Psoriasis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory dermatosis associated with systemic comorbidities, including metabolic disorders, atherosclerosis, and increased cardiovascular mortality.
Objectives:
To evaluate the impact of methotrexate (MTX) on clinical manifestations of psoriasis, lipid profile, endothelial function, nitric oxide bioavailability, and pro-inflammatory biomarkers.
Methods:
This prospective, open-label pilot study assessed patients before and after 12 weeks of MTX therapy (15 mg/week). Endothelial function was evaluated by flow-mediated dilation (FMD1 and FMD2). Nitric oxide bioavailability was estimated by nitrate and nitrite (NOx) levels. Pro-inflammatory biomarkers analyzed included gasdermin D (GSDMD), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), NLRP3 inflammasome, LOX-1 receptor, and VCAM-1. Clinical outcomes (PASI, BSA, DLQI) and laboratory parameters were also assessed.
Results:
Among 242 screened patients, 29 completed the study. After 12 weeks, significant clinical improvement was observed (PASI, BSA, DLQI; p < 0.001), along with reductions in LDL, total cholesterol, and non-HDL cholesterol (p ≤ 0.024). No significant changes were found in endothelial function, NOx levels, or inflammatory biomarkers.
Conclusion:
MTX improved psoriasis severity and lipid profile without affecting endothelial function or inflammatory biomarkers. It appears cardiovascularly safe in patients without baseline endothelial dysfunction, though longer studies are needed.
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