Analytical method development for multiresidue determination in water using automated parallel dispersive pipette...

This work presents an automated parallel dispersive pipette extraction (Au-Pa-DPX) technique for analyzing nine organic compounds from different classes in river water. Separation and detection were performed using high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD). Sample preparation involved optimizing desorption and extraction parameters. The optimized methodology involves acetonitrile (ACN) as the desorption solvent, with three desorption cycles. The optimized pH was 8, nine extraction cycles were employed, and no salt was added. To prevent carry-over effects, four cleaning cycles were performed on the DPX pipette tips. The Au-Pa-DPX method demonstrated coefficients of determination (R²) ranging from 0.9984 to 0.9998. Limits of detection (LODs) were between 0.33 and 1.67 µg L^-1, while limits of quantification (LOQs) varied from 1.00 to 5.00 µg L^-1. Interday precision ranged from 6.85% to 18.35%, whereas intraday precision fluctuated between 0.96% and 9.50%. The proposed method achieved relative recovery values between 89.88% and 125.56%. The enrichment factors ranged from 27.56 to 43.38. Compared to existing methods, Au-Pa-DPX is an environmentally friendly alternative, offering high throughput, reduced solvent and sample consumption, and lower waste production. This study highlights the importance of multiclass analyses for environmental monitoring.