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Related Concept Videos

P-N junction01:11

P-N junction

A p-n junction is formed when p-type and n-type semiconductor materials are joined together. At the interface of the p-n junction, holes from the p-side and electrons from the n-side begin to diffuse into the opposite sides due to the concentration gradient. This diffusion of carriers leads to a region around the junction where there are no free charge carriers, known as the depletion region. The charge density within the depletion region for the n-side and p-side can be described by the...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

Morphology Control for Fully Printable Organic–Inorganic Bulk-heterojunction Solar Cells Based on a Ti-alkoxide and Semiconducting Polymer
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Hydrogen-Bond-Mediated Solid Additives Enabling Enhanced Bi-Continuous Interpenetrating Network for 20.29% Efficiency

Zhentao Hu1, Xingjian Dai1, Weilin Zhou1

  • 1School of Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymer Materials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P. R. China.

Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Novel solid additives, BQ and BBQ, were developed to improve organic solar cells (OSCs). BQ additive enhanced donor layer morphology, leading to a 20.29% power conversion efficiency in layer-by-layer processed OSCs.

Keywords:
hydrogen‐bond‐mediated solid additiveslayer‐by‐layer processingmorphology regulatororganic solar cellspseudo‐bulk heterojunction

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Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization
07:32

Printing Fabrication of Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells and In Situ Morphology Characterization

Published on: January 29, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Organic Electronics
  • Photovoltaics

Background:

  • Layer-by-layer (LbL) processing enables precise vertical phase separation in organic solar cells (OSCs).
  • Optimizing donor morphology for acceptor infiltration is crucial for high-performance OSCs.
  • Solid additives can modulate thin-film morphology in organic electronic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel solid additives for optimizing donor layer morphology in LbL-processed OSCs.
  • To investigate the effect of BQ and BBQ additives on the D18 donor layer in D18/L8-BO devices.
  • To enhance exciton dissociation and charge transport through improved morphology.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of BQ and BBQ solid additives with a D-A-D conjugated skeleton.
  • Fabrication of D18/L8-BO organic solar cells using LbL processing with BQ additive.
  • Morphological analysis of the donor layer to assess crystallinity, orientation, and network formation.
  • Device performance testing to determine power conversion efficiency.

Main Results:

  • BQ additive induced intramolecular hydrogen bonds, promoting a planar D18 structure with enhanced crystallinity and face-on orientation.
  • This resulted in an optimized fibrillar network, creating a pseudo-bulk heterojunction with increased interfacial area.
  • BQ-processed LbL-OSCs achieved a power conversion efficiency of 20.29%.
  • The BBQ additive led to excessive phase separation, disrupting homogeneity and molecular packing.

Conclusions:

  • Hydrogen-bond-mediated solid additives are effective in fine-tuning donor layer morphology for high-performance LbL-OSCs.
  • BQ additive facilitates efficient exciton dissociation and charge transport, leading to significant efficiency gains.
  • The study demonstrates a promising strategy for developing advanced organic solar cell materials and processing techniques.