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Computer Numerical Control Micromilling of a Microfluidic Acrylic Device with a Staggered Restriction for Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Immunoassays

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High-Precision Detection of Magnetic Nanoparticles in Microfluidic Biosensing Systems.

Dakota Brown¹, Wendell Manuel², Dan Luu¹

¹Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.

|May 26, 2026

Summary

A new microfluidic impedance system enhances magnetic nanoparticle detection. This method uses a collector magnet and coil to boost signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for sensitive biosensing applications.

Keywords:

copper coil detection fluidic sensing magnetic particles

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Nanotechnology
Sensor Technology

Background:

Low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in magnetic sensors hinders magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) detection in microfluidic biosensing.
Existing methods for quantifying MNPs often struggle with sensitivity and precision.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a novel microfluidic coil-based impedance detection system for sensitive quantification of magnetic particles.
To improve the SNR for MNP detection in microfluidic biosensing applications.

Main Methods:

Utilized a microfluidic system with a copper coil detector and an external collector magnet to concentrate magnetic particles (Fe filings and Fe3O4 MNPs).
Measured changes in the coil's electromagnetic response due to altered dielectric properties of the concentrated particle sample.
Evaluated detection performance across a range of particle masses (1-10 mg) and coil configurations (5, 10, 15 turns).

Main Results:

Demonstrated a strong linear correlation between magnetic particle mass and impedance change.
Achieved high SNR values, ranging from 25 dB to over 45 dB, indicating enhanced sensitivity and precision.
Showcased frequency-specific customization of coil sensitivity by varying the number of turns.

Conclusions:

The developed system offers a scalable, low-cost platform for sensitive MNP detection in microfluidic biosensing.
The approach is adaptable for various MNPs, including polymer-coated variants for biological analyte targeting.
This method overcomes the limitations of low SNR in conventional magnetic sensors for MNP quantification.