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Depressive Symptoms in Pediatric Tuberculosis: A Retrospective Two-Time-Point Observational Study.

Oana Mariana Mihailov^1,2, Loredana Stavăr Matei¹, George Țocu¹

¹Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Research Center in the Medical-Pharmaceutical Field, "Dunarea de Jos" University, 800008 Galati, Romania.

Diseases (Basel, Switzerland)

|May 26, 2026

Summary

Pediatric tuberculosis patients frequently experience depressive symptoms that can persist throughout treatment. Systematic psychological screening is crucial for identifying and managing this distress in children with TB.

Keywords:

children’s mental health chronic disease depressive symptoms inflammation pediatric tuberculosis psychological screening retrospective study

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Area of Science:

Pediatric Pulmonology
Child Psychiatry
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Pediatric tuberculosis (TB) is linked to significant psychological distress, an area requiring further investigation.
Assessing the pattern and evolution of depressive symptoms in children undergoing TB treatment is essential.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the prevalence and changes in depressive symptoms among pediatric TB patients during treatment.
To utilize a structured screening approach for identifying psychological distress in this population.

Main Methods:

Retrospective observational study of 190 pediatric TB patients (ages 7-18) from 2019-2021.
Depressive symptoms screened at diagnosis (T0) and first follow-up (T1) using a 10-item tool.
Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) administered for positive screens; descriptive and comparative analyses performed.

Main Results:

A high proportion of pediatric TB patients screened positive for depressive symptoms at baseline.
While a reduction was noted at follow-up, a significant number still reported emotional distress.
Most symptoms remained stable, except for a modest improvement in decreased appetite.

Conclusions:

Psychological distress is common in pediatric TB patients and can persist during treatment.
Findings suggest the value of systematic psychological assessment in this cohort.
Further research with validated instruments is recommended due to the study's limitations (non-validated tool, retrospective design).