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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease01:25

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Crohn's Disease

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
Crohn's disease
Crohn's disease is a chronic, systemic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that predominantly affects the gastrointestinal tract. It is marked by transmural...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management01:29

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Pharmacological Management

Upon diagnosis, managing Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) involves addressing several crucial aspects. The primary goals include resting the bowel, correcting malnutrition, and providing symptomatic relief. Resting the bowel may consist of medications to reduce inflammation and promote healing. Correcting malnutrition is essential, often requiring dietary adjustments and nutritional supplements. Symptomatic relief aims to ease pain, diarrhea, and other discomforts in IBD.
Pharmacologic...

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RETRACTED: Zito Marino et al. AXL and MET Tyrosine Kinase Receptors Co-Expression as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma. <i>J. Pers. Med.</i> 2022, <i>12</i>, 1993.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 28, 2026

Mast Cells in the Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Confer Favorable Prognosis: A Retrospective Study using QuPath Image Analysis Software
07:32

Mast Cells in the Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Confer Favorable Prognosis: A Retrospective Study using QuPath Image Analysis Software

Published on: April 12, 2024

Personalized Risk Stratification of Residual Histologic Activity in IBD Using Circulating Cytokines.

Nikolaos Martinos1, Christos Kroupis2, Marilena Stamouli3

  • 1Gastroenterology Department, Naval Hospital of Athens, 11521 Athens, Greece.

Journal of Personalized Medicine
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC) can be identified using a cytokine framework. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Interleukin-23 (IL-23) levels help predict histologic activity in patients with UC in endoscopic remission.

Keywords:
biomarkerscytokinesendoscopic remissioninflammatory bowel diseaseinterleukin-10interleukin-23risk stratification

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 28, 2026

Mast Cells in the Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Confer Favorable Prognosis: A Retrospective Study using QuPath Image Analysis Software
07:32

Mast Cells in the Microenvironment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Confer Favorable Prognosis: A Retrospective Study using QuPath Image Analysis Software

Published on: April 12, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly ulcerative colitis (UC), can exhibit persistent histologic inflammation despite achieving endoscopic remission.
  • Accurate risk stratification for residual histologic activity is crucial for optimizing patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a cytokine-based framework for risk stratification of residual histologic activity in patients with UC in endoscopic remission.
  • To assess the discriminatory performance of serum Interleukin-10 (IL-10) and Interleukin-23 (IL-23) for predicting histologic activity.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study included 59 IBD patients, with primary analysis on 31 UC patients in endoscopic remission.
  • Serum IL-10, IL-23, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured pre-endoscopy.
  • Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to develop a cytokine-based risk stratification framework.

Main Results:

  • Among UC patients in endoscopic remission, 45.2% had persistent histologic activity.
  • IL-10 demonstrated strong discriminatory performance (AUC 0.850) for histologic activity.
  • A combined IL-10/IL-23 framework stratified patients into risk subgroups with significantly different rates of histologic activity (p < 0.001).

Conclusions:

  • An exploratory cytokine-based framework using IL-10 and IL-23 may aid in risk stratifying residual histologic activity in UC patients during endoscopic remission.
  • Further validation in larger multicenter studies is necessary to confirm clinical utility.