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Published on: February 23, 2017
Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticle Modification of 3D-Printed Crown Resin: Effects of Concentration on Surface Roughness and
Elif Koç1, Dalndushe Abdulai1, Oyun-Erdene Batgerel2
1Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Biruni University, Merkezefendi Mahallesi, G/75 Sokak, 1-13 (M.G.), Zeytinburnu, Istanbul 34015, Turkey.
Background:
This in vitro study evaluated the effect of hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (nano-HAp) incorporation on surface roughness and Vickers hardness of a 3D-printed crown resin after thermocycling.
Methods:
Disk-shaped specimens (N = 84) were modified and fabricated with 0%, 1%, 2%, and 3% nano-HAp. Surface roughness (Ra) and Vickers hardness (VHN) were measured before and after thermocycling (5000 cycles). Surface morphology was qualitatively assessed using FE-SEM. Data were analyzed using two-way mixed-design ANOVA (α = 0.05).
Results:
Thermocycling increased surface roughness and reduced hardness in all groups. Ra values were highest in the 3% nano-HAp group after thermocycling (1.16 ± 0.47 µm). Baseline Vickers hardness differed significantly among nano-HAp concentrations, and hardness decreased after thermocycling in all groups; however, the 3% nano-HAp group exhibited the highest post-thermocycling hardness values (24.66 ± 1.51 VHN), which should be interpreted in the context of its higher baseline hardness. FE-SEM observations suggested increased surface irregularities with higher nano-HAp concentrations after thermocycling.
Conclusions:
Nano-HAp incorporation influenced both surface and mechanical properties, with 3% concentration showing higher hardness after aging but increased roughness.
