Precisely Printing Perovskite Nanocrystals in Glass via Thermoelectric Synergistic Effect

CsPbX₃ (X═Cl, Br, and I) perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) embedded glass exhibit excellent stability and optical properties, yet the patterned distribution of CsPbX₃ PNCs in glass remains challenge. In this study, precise distribution control of CsPbBr₃ PNCs in glass was successfully achieved through thermoelectric synergistic treatment. Upon thermal-electric fields, the structure and elemental distribution in the affected region of the glass undergo rearrangement. The migration and enrichment of Cs⁺ in the glass are the primary reasons for precipitation of CsPbBr₃ PNCs and dependent on temperature, electric field strength, and duration. By regulating the temperature, electric field strength, and duration during thermoelectric processing, the depth and thickness of the luminescent layer of CsPbBr₃ PNCs can be precisely controlled at the micrometer scale. Furthermore, by utilizing patterned electrodes, we achieved a consistent patterned distribution of CsPbBr₃ PNCs in glass, as well as precise control at the micrometer scale. This method opens up a new avenue for precise printing and crystallization regulation of CsPbX₃ PNCs in glass.