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A simple double immunodiffusion test for typing influenza viruses
Bulletin of the World Health Organization
|January 1, 1974
Summary
A new double immunodiffusion (DID) test offers a simpler alternative to the complement fixation (CF) test for influenza virus identification. This method efficiently types influenza isolates using readily available materials.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Diagnostic Microbiology
Background:
- Traditional influenza virus typing relies on the complement fixation (CF) test, which targets internal nucleoprotein (NP) antigens.
- The CF test is complex and time-consuming, limiting its frequent use in influenza diagnostics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and evaluate a double immunodiffusion (DID) test as a replacement for the CF test in influenza virus typing.
- To establish a simpler, more efficient method for identifying influenza virus types.
Main Methods:
- The study describes a double immunodiffusion (DID) test utilizing allantoic fluid from infected embryonated eggs.
- Virus is precipitated with mild acid and disrupted by detergent for antigen exposure.
- Typing is performed using antibodies against nucleoprotein (NP) or matrix protein (MP).
Main Results:
- The DID test is a simple and rapid method for typing influenza virus isolates.
- Both anti-NP and anti-MP antibodies were effective for typing.
- Anti-MP antibody demonstrated slightly higher sensitivity compared to anti-NP antibody.
Conclusions:
- The double immunodiffusion (DID) test is a viable and practical alternative to the complement fixation (CF) test for influenza virus identification.
- The DID test simplifies the process of influenza virus typing, making it more accessible for routine diagnostics.