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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management01:28

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

Pneumonia IV: Management

The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Acute Respiratory Failure-V01:29

Acute Respiratory Failure-V

The treatment for acute respiratory failure varies based on factors like the underlying cause, overall health, and severity. A collaborative healthcare team is essential for early detection, often through arterial blood gas analysis. Identifying the cause is the primary goal, with treatment strategies adjusted for ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) mismatch, shunting, or diffusion impairment.
Ensure that patients are monitored continuously for their response to therapy, including changes in...
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease01:29

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...

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Updated: May 28, 2026

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis
08:46

A Neonatal Imaging Model of Gram-Negative Bacterial Sepsis

Published on: August 12, 2020

Recognizing and managing neonatal sepsis.

Tucker Buffington1, Lauren Hoover

  • 1Tucker Buffington practices pediatric critical care at Children's Hospital Colorado in Denver, CO. Lauren Hoover is academic director and a clinical assistant professor at the Mercer University PA program in Atlanta, GA. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.

JAAPA : Official Journal of the American Academy of Physician Assistants
|May 26, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of newborn death globally. Understanding risk factors and evolving management strategies is crucial for healthcare providers to effectively recognize and treat this serious infection in infants.

Keywords:
antibiotic resistanceintra-amniotic infection (IAI)intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis (IAP)microbial culturesneonatal sepsissepsis calculator

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Last Updated: May 28, 2026

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19:15

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Published on: August 25, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Neonatal sepsis is a primary driver of infant morbidity and mortality worldwide.
  • Both early- and late-onset sepsis pose substantial risks, especially for premature and low birth weight infants.
  • Disease severity is influenced by pathogen virulence, host immunity, and exposure timing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore the importance of understanding neonatal sepsis.
  • To highlight the need for appropriate recognition and management by healthcare providers.
  • To emphasize the evolving landscape of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on neonatal sepsis.
  • Analysis of factors influencing sepsis progression.
  • Discussion of advancements in screening and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Neonatal sepsis continues to be a critical global health issue.
  • Effective management requires awareness of diverse influencing factors.
  • Ongoing advancements offer improved diagnostic and therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Healthcare providers must stay informed about neonatal sepsis.
  • Early recognition and prompt, appropriate management are vital for improving infant outcomes.
  • Continued evolution of screening and antibiotic strategies is essential.